总览
由于 <table>
元素在第三方小部件(如日历和日期选择器)中的广泛使用,Bootstrap的表是 opt-in。将基类 .table
添加到任何<table>
,然后使用可选的修饰符类或自定义样式进行扩展。 所有表样式都不会在 Bootstrap中继承,这意味着任何嵌套表的样式都可以独立于父表。
使用最基本的表标记,以下是基于.table
的表在Bootstrap的外观。
# |
First |
Last |
Handle |
1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
3 |
Larry the Bird |
@twitter |
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td colspan="2">Larry the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
变体
使用上下文类为表、表行或单个单元格着色。
Class |
Heading |
Heading |
Default |
Cell |
Cell |
Primary |
Cell |
Cell |
Secondary |
Cell |
Cell |
Success |
Cell |
Cell |
Danger |
Cell |
Cell |
Warning |
Cell |
Cell |
Info |
Cell |
Cell |
Light |
Cell |
Cell |
Dark |
Cell |
Cell |
<!-- On tables -->
<table class="table-primary">...</table>
<table class="table-secondary">...</table>
<table class="table-success">...</table>
<table class="table-danger">...</table>
<table class="table-warning">...</table>
<table class="table-info">...</table>
<table class="table-light">...</table>
<table class="table-dark">...</table>
<!-- On rows -->
<tr class="table-primary">...</tr>
<tr class="table-secondary">...</tr>
<tr class="table-success">...</tr>
<tr class="table-danger">...</tr>
<tr class="table-warning">...</tr>
<tr class="table-info">...</tr>
<tr class="table-light">...</tr>
<tr class="table-dark">...</tr>
<!-- On cells (`td` or `th`) -->
<tr>
<td class="table-primary">...</td>
<td class="table-secondary">...</td>
<td class="table-success">...</td>
<td class="table-danger">...</td>
<td class="table-warning">...</td>
<td class="table-info">...</td>
<td class="table-light">...</td>
<td class="table-dark">...</td>
</tr>
向辅助技术传达意义
使用颜色来增加意义只会提供一种视觉指示,而不会传达给辅助技术(如屏幕阅读器)的用户。确保由颜色表示的信息在内容本身(例如可见文本)中是明显的,或者通过其他方式包含,例如使用 .visually-hidden
类隐藏的其他文本。
强调表
条纹行
使用 .table-striped
将斑纹条纹添加到<tbody>
中的任何表行。
# |
First |
Last |
Handle |
1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
3 |
Larry the Bird |
@twitter |
<table class="table table-striped">
...
</table>
这些类也可以添加到表变量中:
# |
First |
Last |
Handle |
1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
3 |
Larry the Bird |
@twitter |
<table class="table table-dark table-striped">
...
</table>
# |
First |
Last |
Handle |
1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
3 |
Larry the Bird |
@twitter |
<table class="table table-success table-striped">
...
</table>
可悬停的行
添加 .table-hover
可对<tbody>
中的表行启用悬停状态。
# |
First |
Last |
Handle |
1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
3 |
Larry the Bird |
@twitter |
<table class="table table-hover">
...
</table>
# |
First |
Last |
Handle |
1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
3 |
Larry the Bird |
@twitter |
<table class="table table-dark table-hover">
...
</table>
这些可悬停的行还可以与条带化变量组合使用:
# |
First |
Last |
Handle |
1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
3 |
Larry the Bird |
@twitter |
<table class="table table-striped table-hover">
...
</table>
活动表
通过添加 .table-active
类高亮显示表行或单元格。
# |
First |
Last |
Handle |
1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
3 |
Larry the Bird |
@twitter |
<table class="table">
<thead>
...
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="table-active">
...
</tr>
<tr>
...
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td colspan="2" class="table-active">Larry the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
# |
First |
Last |
Handle |
1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
3 |
Larry the Bird |
@twitter |
<table class="table table-dark">
<thead>
...
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="table-active">
...
</tr>
<tr>
...
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td colspan="2" class="table-active">Larry the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
变体和强调表是如何工作的?
对于强调表(条纹行、 可悬停行和活动表),我们使用了一些技术使这些效果适用于所有表变体:
- 我们首先使用
--bs-table-bg
属性设置表单元格的背景。然后,所有表变量都将该自定义属性设置为表单元格着色。 这样,如果将半透明的颜色用作表格背景,我们就不会遇到麻烦。
- 然后,我们在带有
background-image: linear-gradient(var(--bs-table-accent-bg), var(--bs-table-accent-bg));
的表格单元格上添加一个渐变,到任何指定background-color
的顶部。 因为 --bs-table-accent-bg
在默认情况下是透明的,所以在默认情况下我们有一个不可见的透明线性渐变。
- 当添加
.table-striped
, .table-hover
或 .table-active
类时, --bs-table-accent-bg
被设置为半透明颜色以着色背景。
- 对于每个表变量,我们生成一个
--bs-table-accent-bg
颜色,根据该颜色具有最高的对比度。例如,.table-primary
强调文字颜色较深,而.table-dark
强调文字颜色较浅。
- 文本和边框颜色以相同的方式生成,默认情况下继承它们的颜色。
在幕后看起来是这样的:
@mixin table-variant($state, $background) {
.table-#{$state} {
$color: color-contrast(opaque($body-bg, $background));
$hover-bg: mix($color, $background, percentage($table-hover-bg-factor));
$striped-bg: mix($color, $background, percentage($table-striped-bg-factor));
$active-bg: mix($color, $background, percentage($table-active-bg-factor));
--#{$variable-prefix}table-bg: #{$background};
--#{$variable-prefix}table-striped-bg: #{$striped-bg};
--#{$variable-prefix}table-striped-color: #{color-contrast($striped-bg)};
--#{$variable-prefix}table-active-bg: #{$active-bg};
--#{$variable-prefix}table-active-color: #{color-contrast($active-bg)};
--#{$variable-prefix}table-hover-bg: #{$hover-bg};
--#{$variable-prefix}table-hover-color: #{color-contrast($hover-bg)};
color: $color;
border-color: mix($color, $background, percentage($table-border-factor));
}
}
表格边框
边框表
为表格和单元格的所有边添加.table-bordered
。
# |
First |
Last |
Handle |
1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
3 |
Larry the Bird |
@twitter |
<table class="table table-bordered">
...
</table>
可以添加边框颜色实用程序来更改颜色:
# |
First |
Last |
Handle |
1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
3 |
Larry the Bird |
@twitter |
<table class="table table-bordered border-primary">
...
</table>
无边框表
添加 .table-borderless
使表格没有边框。
# |
First |
Last |
Handle |
1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
3 |
Larry the Bird |
@twitter |
<table class="table table-borderless">
...
</table>
# |
First |
Last |
Handle |
1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
3 |
Larry the Bird |
@twitter |
<table class="table table-dark table-borderless">
...
</table>
小尺寸表
添加.table-sm
,将所有单元格padding
减半,使任何.table
更加紧凑。
# |
First |
Last |
Handle |
1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
3 |
Larry the Bird |
@twitter |
<table class="table table-sm">
...
</table>
# |
First |
Last |
Handle |
1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
3 |
Larry the Bird |
@twitter |
<table class="table table-dark table-sm">
...
</table>
垂直对齐
<thead>
的表格单元格始终与底部垂直对齐。<tbody>
中的表格单元格从<table>
继承对齐方式,默认情况下与顶部对齐。 使用 垂直对齐类在需要时重新对齐。
Heading 1 |
Heading 2 |
Heading 3 |
Heading 4 |
This cell inherits vertical-align: middle; from the table |
This cell inherits vertical-align: middle; from the table |
This cell inherits vertical-align: middle; from the table |
Nulla vitae elit libero, a pharetra augue. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper. |
This cell inherits vertical-align: bottom; from the table row |
This cell inherits vertical-align: bottom; from the table row |
This cell inherits vertical-align: bottom; from the table row |
Nulla vitae elit libero, a pharetra augue. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper. |
This cell inherits vertical-align: middle; from the table |
This cell inherits vertical-align: middle; from the table |
This cell is aligned to the top. |
Nulla vitae elit libero, a pharetra augue. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper. |
<table class="table table-sm table-dark">
<div class="table-responsive">
<table class="table align-middle">
<thead>
<tr>
...
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
...
</tr>
<tr class="align-bottom">
...
</tr>
<tr>
<td>...</td>
<td>...</td>
<td class="align-top">This cell is aligned to the top.</td>
<td>...</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</table>
嵌套
嵌套表不会继承边框样式、活动样式和表变体。
# |
First |
Last |
Handle |
1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
Header |
Header |
Header |
A |
First |
Last |
B |
First |
Last |
C |
First |
Last |
|
3 |
Larry |
the Bird |
@twitter |
<table class="table table-striped">
<thead>
...
</thead>
<tbody>
...
<tr>
<td colspan="4">
<table class="table mb-0">
...
</table>
</td>
</tr>
...
</tbody>
</table>
嵌套如何工作
为了防止 任何 样式泄漏到嵌套表中,我们在CSS中使用子组合符 (>
) 选择器。由于我们需要针对thead
, tbody
, 和 tfoot
中的所有td
和 th
,没有它,我们的选择器看起来会很长。 因此,我们使用外观非常奇怪的 .table > :not(caption) > * > *
选择器来定位.table
的所有 td
和th
,但没有任何潜在的嵌套表。
请注意,如果将<tr>
添加为表的直接子级,则默认情况下,这些 <tr>
将被包装在<tbody>
中,从而使选择器按预期工作。
分解
表头
与tables和dark tables类似,使用修饰符类.table-light
或 .table-dark
使 <thead>
显示为浅灰色或深灰色。
# |
First |
Last |
Handle |
1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
3 |
Larry |
the Bird |
@twitter |
<table class="table">
<thead class="table-light">
...
</thead>
<tbody>
...
</tbody>
</table>
# |
First |
Last |
Handle |
1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
3 |
Larry |
the Bird |
@twitter |
<table class="table">
<thead class="table-dark">
...
</thead>
<tbody>
...
</tbody>
</table>
# |
First |
Last |
Handle |
1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
3 |
Larry |
the Bird |
@twitter |
Footer |
Footer |
Footer |
Footer |
<table class="table">
<thead>
...
</thead>
<tbody>
...
</tbody>
<tfoot>
...
</tfoot>
</table>
字幕
<caption>
>的功能类似于表格的标题。 它帮助屏幕阅读器的用户找到一个表,了解它的内容,并决定他们是否要阅读它。
List of users
# |
First |
Last |
Handle |
1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
3 |
Larry the Bird |
@twitter |
<table class="table table-sm">
<caption>List of users</caption>
<thead>
...
</thead>
<tbody>
...
</tbody>
</table>
您还可以使用.caption-top
将<caption>
放在表的顶部。
List of users
# |
First |
Last |
Handle |
1 |
Mark |
Otto |
@mdo |
2 |
Jacob |
Thornton |
@fat |
3 |
Larry |
the Bird |
@twitter |
<table class="table caption-top">
<caption>List of users</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">First</th>
<th scope="col">Last</th>
<th scope="col">Handle</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">1</th>
<td>Mark</td>
<td>Otto</td>
<td>@mdo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">2</th>
<td>Jacob</td>
<td>Thornton</td>
<td>@fat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">3</th>
<td>Larry</td>
<td>the Bird</td>
<td>@twitter</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
响应表
响应表允许轻松地水平滚动表。通过将.table
包装为 .table-responsive
,使所有视口中的任何表都具有响应性。或者,通过使用.table-responsive{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl|-xxl}
选择一个最大断点,使响应表可以到达该断点。
垂直裁剪/截断
响应表使用overflow-y: hidden
,它可以剪裁超出表的底部或顶部边缘的任何内容。特别是,这可以剪辑掉下拉菜单和其他第三方小部件。
始终响应
在每个断点上,使用 .table-responsive
来水平滚动表。
# |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
1 |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
2 |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
3 |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
<div class="table-responsive">
<table class="table">
...
</table>
</div>
特定于断点
根据需要使用 .table-responsive{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl|-xxl}
创建到达特定断点的响应表。从该断点开始,表将正常运行,不会水平滚动。
这些表可能会显示为断开,直到它们的响应样式应用于特定的视口宽度。
# |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
1 |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
2 |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
3 |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
# |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
1 |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
2 |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
3 |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
# |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
1 |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
2 |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
3 |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
# |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
1 |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
2 |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
3 |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
# |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
1 |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
2 |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
3 |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
# |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
Heading |
1 |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
2 |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
3 |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
Cell |
<div class="table-responsive">
<table class="table">
...
</table>
</div>
<div class="table-responsive-sm">
<table class="table">
...
</table>
</div>
<div class="table-responsive-md">
<table class="table">
...
</table>
</div>
<div class="table-responsive-lg">
<table class="table">
...
</table>
</div>
<div class="table-responsive-xl">
<table class="table">
...
</table>
</div>
<div class="table-responsive-xxl">
<table class="table">
...
</table>
</div>
在Sass中定制
- 因子变量(
$table-striped-bg-factor
, $table-active-bg-factor
& $table-hover-bg-factor
)用于确定表变量中的对比度。
- 除了明暗表变体之外,该
$table-bg-level
变量还会使主题颜色变亮。
$table-cell-padding-y: .5rem;
$table-cell-padding-x: .5rem;
$table-cell-padding-y-sm: .25rem;
$table-cell-padding-x-sm: .25rem;
$table-cell-vertical-align: top;
$table-color: $body-color;
$table-bg: transparent;
$table-th-font-weight: null;
$table-striped-color: $table-color;
$table-striped-bg-factor: .05;
$table-striped-bg: rgba($black, $table-striped-bg-factor);
$table-active-color: $table-color;
$table-active-bg-factor: .1;
$table-active-bg: rgba($black, $table-active-bg-factor);
$table-hover-color: $table-color;
$table-hover-bg-factor: .075;
$table-hover-bg: rgba($black, $table-hover-bg-factor);
$table-border-factor: .1;
$table-border-width: $border-width;
$table-border-color: $border-color;
$table-striped-order: odd;
$table-group-separator-color: currentColor;
$table-caption-color: $text-muted;
$table-bg-scale: -80%;
$table-variants: (
"primary": shift-color($primary, $table-bg-scale),
"secondary": shift-color($secondary, $table-bg-scale),
"success": shift-color($success, $table-bg-scale),
"info": shift-color($info, $table-bg-scale),
"warning": shift-color($warning, $table-bg-scale),
"danger": shift-color($danger, $table-bg-scale),
"light": $light,
"dark": $dark,
);